March 22 to 29, 2024
“4 per 1000” Initiative - Institutional - MRV - Tools - Agroecological practices - Soil Health - Carbon sequestration - Deloitte France
22 March 2024
How to quantify, verify, and manage the impact of agroecological practices on soil health and carbon sequestration?
MRV (monitoring, reporting, verification) tools serving the decarbonization strategies of agro-industry companies.
An article written by Aliette Lefranc and Marine Pochat from the sustainability team, Deloitte France.
“4 per 1000” Initiative - Institutional - “4 per 1000” Day 2023 - Helmy Abouleish - Sekem Group
20 March 2024
“4 per 1000” Day 2023 – Helmy Abouleish, CEO Sekem Group
https://sekem.com/en/4-per-1000-day-2023-helmy-abouleish-ceo-sekem-group/
“4 per 1000” Initiative - Institutional - Very Compostable
4 November 2023
CARBON CAPTURE: The "4 per 1000" Initiative's Mission to Transform Soils.
Initiative « 4 pour 1000 » - Carbone - Puits de carbone - Wiki du Climat
Mars 2024
Le Wiki du Climat - Fr-fr adulte carte 12 puits de carbone
Initiative « 4 pour 1000 » - Agriculture biologique - Sols - Carbone - Grandes cultures - Pratiques agricoles - Fédération Nationale d’Agriculture Biologique (FNAB)
29 août 2023
Retours du projet Réseau Bio Climat, mobilisation d’un réseau d’acteurs pour accompagner la transition climatique
Initiative « 4 pour 1000 » - Etude « 4 pour 1000 » Outre-Mer - Agriculture - Sols - Guyanne - Elevage - CIRAD - INRAE - IRD
20 novembre 2023
Restitution de l’étude « 4 pour 1 000 Outre-Mer Stocker du carbone dans les sols agricoles et forestiers ultra-marins » et présentation des perspectives sur le thème du Carbone dans les secteurs forêt, agriculture, élevage en Guyane
Initiative « 4 pour 1000 » - Institutionnel - Netcarbon
21 décembre 2023
Changer le Monde par le Sol : L'Essentiel sur l'Initiative 4 pour 1000
https://www.netcarbon.fr/blog/le-4-pour-1000
Agriculture and Agroforestry - Soil - Food Security - Forest - Carbon
Agriculture - Regenerative agriculture - Allan Savory - Savory Institute
26 March 2024
[podcast] - Regenerative agriculture with Allan Savory
https://saifedean.com/podcast/212-regenerative-agriculture-with-allan-savory
Agriculture - Food security - Agroecology - Agroecologist - Tião Alves - Agroecology schools - Rural workers - Farmers - Conservation - Brazilian Northeast - Brazil
25 March 2024
‘Planting water, eating Caatinga & irrigating with the sun’: Interview with agroecologist Tião Alves
* In an interview with Mongabay, Brazilian agroecologist Tião Alves tells how he has been teaching thousands of rural workers to survive in the Caatinga biome, severely afflicted by drought, climate change and desertification.
* At the head of Serta, one of the most important agroecology schools in the Brazilian Northeast, he teaches low-cost technologies that ensure food security with a minimum of resources, both natural and financial.
* Currently, 13% of the Caatinga is already in the process of desertification, the result of a combination of deforestation, inadequate irrigation, extreme droughts and changes in the global climate.
Agriculture - Agroforestry - Expanding Agroforestry Project - Farmers - Payments - The Nature Conservancy - USDA - USA
25 March 2024
New U.S. agroforestry project will pay farmers to expand ‘climate-smart’ acres
* The Nature Conservancy is leading the Expanding Agroforestry Project to provide training, planning and funds for 12,140 hectares (30,000 acres) of new agroforestry plantings in the U.S.
* Goals for the program include enrolling at least 200 farmers, with a minimum of 50 from underserved communities.
* Initial applications have surpassed expectations — 213 farmers applied in the first cycle with 93% coming from underserved populations.
* The first round of payments is set for distribution in fall 2024.
Agriculture - Agroforestry - Agroecology - Project - Farmers - Indigenous Tolupan farmers - Honduras
26 March 2024
Agroforestry project sows seeds of hope in drought-hit Honduras
* In response to longer and more intense droughts, Indigenous Tolupan farmers in Honduras are turning to agroforestry and agroecology strategies to adapt to the changing climate.
* The strategies include diversifying their crops, building water storage systems, introducing methods to better conserve water in the soil, and building up banks of native seeds.
* Although Honduras wasn’t among the 22 countries that declared a drought emergency in 2022 and 2023, severe heat waves and El Niño events are hitting harvests hard, leading to an exodus of young people out of rural areas.
* Locals participating in the adaptation initiative say it’s starting to bear fruit and give them hope — a precious resource in a dry land.
https://news.mongabay.com/2024/03/agroforestry-project-sows-seeds-of-hope-in-drought-hit-honduras/
Agriculture - Food - Food and agriculture firms - Investment - Fraction of revenues - Food industry's emissions
26 March 2024
'Food and agriculture firms are facing a choice': How investing a fraction of revenues could eradicate half the food industry's emissions
Agriculture - Sustainable Agriculture - Big Corporations - Carbone - Biodiversity
22 March 2024
Sustainable Agriculture Gets a Push From Big Corporations
Farming accounts for a significant chunk of CO2 emissions. Some big businesses are offering farmers incentives to take up regenerative ag to lessen their carbon footprint and enhance biodiversity—and profits.
https://www.wsj.com/articles/sustainable-agriculture-gets-a-push-from-big-corporations-55541180
Agriculture - Food - Food costs - Climate change - Crop yields - Extreme heat
21 March 2024
Food costs more because of climate change - and it will get worse
Rising temperatures are predicted to drive up food inflation by between 0.9 and 3.2 per cent a year by 2035, as crop yields suffer from extreme heat
Agriculture - Food - Coffee - Coffee production - Climate change - Colombia
25 March 2024
'You feel like something is dying': Climate change puts Colombian coffee production at risk
https://www.itv.com/news/2024-03-25/climate-change-puts-colombia-coffee-production-in-danger
Agriculture - Food - Global food system emissions - Investments - Mitigation - Food and Land Use Coalition - We Mean Business Coalition - WBCSD - Reports
March 2024
Future Fit Food and Agriculture
Dive into this report series highlighting the need for food and agriculture companies to rapidly adapt to changing sustainability regulation and exploring the costs and benefits of mitigating the largest portion of food sector emissions. The analysis shows how investments of US $205bn per year between 2025-2030, or less than 2% of food sector revenues, could mitigate nearly half of global food system emissions and unlock many other benefits.
https://www.foodandlandusecoalition.org/knowledge-hub/future-fit-food-and-ag/
Soil - Soil carbon - Global temperatures - Study
20 March 2024
Understanding soil carbon's sensitivity to increasing global temperatures
https://phys.org/news/2024-03-soil-carbon-sensitivity-global-temperatures.html
Agriculture - Farmers - Crops - Peafowl - Climate change - Invasive species - Biodiversity - India
23 March 2024
Who let the birds out?
Across India, the country’s revered peafowl go head to head with farmers over crops.
https://adnchronicles.org/2024/03/23/who-let-the-birds-out/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email
Agriculture - Agriculture régénératrice - Prairies - Changements climatiques
25 mars 2024
L’agriculture régénératrice pour combattre les changements climatiques dans les Prairies
https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/2060110/ferme-culture-sequestration-carbone-agriculteurs
Agriculture - Haies - Haies anciennes - Agriculture - Biodiversité - Sols
19 mars 2024
Pourquoi l’arrachage de haies anciennes est un vrai drame pour la biodiversité
Au cœur du débat entre progrès agricole et protection environnementale, les haies, ces structures végétales ancestrales, sont de nouveau sous les projecteurs. Entre leur rôle écologique indéniable et les controverses sur leur gestion.
Agriculture - Sol - Eau - Arbres - Infolettre - Frédéric Denhez
28 février 2024
Le sol, l’eau et l’agriculture
Biochar - Carbone - Entreprises - Start-up française - NetZero - Brésil
27 mars 2024
Stockage du CO2 : cette start-up française qui veut piéger le carbone du Brésil
En marge de sa visite sur le territoire brésilien, Emmanuel Macron pousse la jeune entreprise NetZero, pionnière du biochar, un charbon produit à partir de résidus végétaux.
Policies and Governments
COP28, COP29 and COP30 - COP hosts - United Arab Emirates - Azerbaijan - Brazil - NDCs - 1.5°C aligned
March 21, 2024
COP hosts call on countries to align NDCs with 1.5 degree C goal
The three countries – which together formed the COP Presidentcies’ Troika – unveiled a plan to ensure the next round of NDCs to be submitted by the countries are 1.5°C aligned
Canada - New Brunswick - Agricultural lands - Farmers - Funding
March 22, 2024
New program to benefit agricultural lands in New Brunswick, Canada
New Brunswick farmers have access to new resources to help them conserve and enhance the resiliency of their land. The Resilient Agricultural Landscape Program encourages farmers to accelerate the adoption of land use and management practices.
The program provides financial support to agricultural producers for the maintenance and provision of healthy soils and water resources, wildlife habitat and biodiversity, and for adapting to the effects of climate change – all of which promotes healthy, functioning ecosystems. Funding is provided by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and the Department of Agriculture, Aquaculture and Fisheries through the Sustainable Canadian Agricultural Partnership.
Europe - Member states - Climate target - Green Deal
25 March 2024
EU countries express conditional support for 2040 climate target
The EU’s debate on a 90% climate target for 2040 made some progress on Monday (25 March), with 10 countries in favour, three against, and 13 asking for additional concessions at a meeting of environment ministers in Brussels.
Europe - Member states - Climate target - EU nature restoration laws
25 March 2024
EU nature restoration laws face collapse as member states withdraw support
Brussels vote cancelled after it became clear law would not pass final stage with majority vote
Brazil - France - Program - $1.1 bln - Amazon rainforest
27 March 2024
Brazil, France launch $1.1 bln program to protect Amazon rainforest
(Reuters) - Brazil and France on Tuesday launched an investment program to protect the Brazilian and Guyanese Amazon rainforest involving 1 billion euros ($1.1 billion) in private and public funds over the next four years.
Singapore - Climate action - Ambassador - Ravi Menon
26 March 2024
Former central bank chief appointed Singapore’s inaugural climate action ambassador
The former Monetary Authority of Singapore head Ravi Menon has come out of retirement to take on a newly created role, where he will represent the city-state at international climate discussions and advise on nationwide climate policies.
Europe - Etats membres - Objectif climatique - Green Deal
25 mars 2024
Les États membres divisés sur l’objectif climatique pour 2040
Les États membres restent divisés sur l’objectif de réduction de 90 % des émissions de gaz à effet de serre d’ici 2040 par rapport aux niveaux de 1990, 10 États membres s’étant prononcés pour lundi (25 mars), trois contre et 13 ayant demandé des ajustements.
Europe - Pacte vert - Déforestation importée - Règlement - Report - Etats Membres
28 mars 2024
Déforestation importée : une majorité d’Etats, dont la France, appellent à un report du règlement
Les reculs se multiplient au niveau européen sur les ambitions environnementales du continent. Adopté en 2022 et censé entrer en vigueur à la fin de l’année, le règlement sur la déforestation importée, un texte unique au monde, pourrait bien être suspendu. C’est en tout cas ce que demandent une vingtaine d’Etats, dont la France.
Europe - Loi européenne - Restauration - Nature - Biodiversité - Etats Membres
28 mars 2024
Restauration de la nature : l’avenir incertain d’une loi européenne cruciale pour la biodiversité
Le bras de fer se poursuit autour de la loi européenne sur la restauration de la nature. Le texte rassemble contre lui des élus d’extrême-droite et d’une partie de la droite, ainsi que de nombreux lobbys. Alors qu’un accord semblait entériné, le retrait surprise de la Hongrie bloque l’adoption du texte.
France - Conseil des Ministres - Agriculture - Loi - Souveraineté alimentaire
25 mars 2024
Agriculture : un projet de loi remanié qui conforte le modèle productiviste
Le texte devrait être présenté en conseil des ministres vendredi 29 mars. Après le mouvement de colère des agriculteurs en janvier, la souveraineté alimentaire s’impose désormais en préambule.
France - Médecins - Collectif - Pesticides - Plan Écophyto - Crise agricole - Gouvernement
28 mars 2024
Pesticides : un collectif de médecins dénonce les mesures "irresponsables" du gouvernement face à la crise agricole
Une association de médecins dénonce les mesures prises par le gouvernement pour répondre à la crise agricole, notamment la mise en pause du plan Écophyto, censé limiter les pesticides. Le collectif rappelle les effets des pesticides sur la santé et dénonce un "déni des connaissances scientifiques".
Research and Studies
Crops - Forgotten food crops - Sub-Saharan Africa - Healthy diets - Climate change - Food security
27 March 2024
Forgotten food crops in sub-Saharan Africa for healthy diets in a changing climate - Maarten van Zonneveld and all
Tree-planting strategies - Tree cover restoration - Albedo - Albedo change - Climate - Study - Clark University - The Nature Conservancy (TNC) - ETH Zurich
26 March 2024
Accounting for albedo change to identify climate-positive tree cover restoration - Natalia Hasler & all
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-46577-1
Soil - Soil organic carbon - Australian soil - Atmospheric CO2 - Carbone storage - Climate change - Research - Study
26 March 2024
A warming climate will make Australian soil a net emitter of atmospheric CO2 - R. A. Viscarra Rossel, M. Zhang, T. Behrens & R. Webster
Understanding the change in soil organic carbon (C) stock in a warmer climate and the effect of current land management on that stock is critical for soil and environmental conservation and climate policy. By simulation modeling, we predicted changes in Australia’s soil organic C stock from 2010 to 2100. These vary from losses of 0.014–0.077 t C ha−1 year−1 between 2020 and 2045 and 0.013–0.047 t C ha−1 year−1 between 2070 and 2100, under increasing emissions of greenhouse gases and temperature. Thus, Australian soil will be a net emitter of CO2. Depending on the future socio-economic conditions, we predict that croplands will accrue as much as 0.19 t C ha−1 year−1 between 2020 and 2045 due to their management, but accrual will decrease with warming and increased emissions by 2070–2100. The gains will be too small to counteract the losses of C from the larger areas of rangelands and coastal regions that are more sensitive to a warmer climate. In principle, prudent management of the rangelands, for example, improving grazing management and regenerating biodiverse, endemic native plant communities, could sequester more C and mitigate the loss; in practice, it may be more difficult, requiring innovation, interdisciplinary science, cultural awareness and effective policies.
Soil organic carbon - Temperature sensitivity - Organic matter - Soil minerals - Carbon pools - Climate - Research - Study
20 February 2024
Emergent temperature sensitivity of soil organic carbon driven by mineral associations - Katerina Georgiou & all
Soil organic matter decomposition and its interactions with climate depend on whether the organic matter is associated with soil minerals. However, data limitations have hindered global-scale analyses of mineral-associated and particulate soil organic carbon pools and their benchmarking in Earth system models used to estimate carbon cycle–climate feedbacks. Here we analyse observationally derived global estimates of soil carbon pools to quantify their relative proportions and compute their climatological temperature sensitivities as the decline in carbon with increasing temperature. We find that the climatological temperature sensitivity of particulate carbon is on average 28% higher than that of mineral-associated carbon, and up to 53% higher in cool climates. Moreover, the distribution of carbon between these underlying soil carbon pools drives the emergent climatological temperature sensitivity of bulk soil carbon stocks. However, global models vary widely in their predictions of soil carbon pool distributions. We show that the global proportion of model pools that are conceptually similar to mineral-protected carbon ranges from 16 to 85% across Earth system models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 and offline land models, with implications for bulk soil carbon ages and ecosystem responsiveness. To improve projections of carbon cycle–climate feedbacks, it is imperative to assess underlying soil carbon pools to accurately predict the distribution and vulnerability of soil carbon.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-024-01384-7
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March 15 to 22, 2024
Agriculture and Agroforestry - Soil - Food Security - Forest - Carbon
Agroforestry - Farmers - Case studies - Africa - Asia - Latin America - Tropenbos International
21 March 2024
Agroforestry at work
"Why do many farmers still resist adopting and scaling agroforestry? Are the economic benefits not enough, or not perceived to be enough? Or are there other reasons? These are the questions that were asked when work began on Tropical Forest Issues 62.
This issue contextualizes agroforestry in four introductory articles in terms of economic viability and resilience, gender inclusiveness, interactions with climate change and biodiversity and barriers to adoption. Tropenbos International then present 26 case studies from Africa, Asia, and Latin America that show the clear and tangible benefits from the adoption of agroforestry.
https://www.tropenbos.org/resources/publications/agroforestry+at+work
Agriculture - Agroforestry - Conservation agriculture - Organic farming - smallholder farmers - Book
13 March 2024
Reconciling conservation agriculture and agroforestry for sustainability
* Mongabay is publishing a new edition of the book, “A Perfect Storm in the Amazon,” in short installments and in three languages: Spanish, English and Portuguese.
* In this section, Killeen focuses on land management that seeks to reconcile the technologies of modern agriculture with the worn-out practices of organic farming.
* It also analyzes the case of livestock farmers, who are not as likely to change their land management practices, as they have an underutilized surplus that has suffered from mismanagement.
* For Killeen, smallholder farmers should be more willing to diversify such production systems and adopt practices that increase resilience. Because mitigating risk is essential to their livelihoods: without crops comes bankruptcy and hunger. This is the case in countries such as Ecuador and Peru, where smallholder farmers occupy more than 90% of previously deforested areas.
Agriculture - Vineyards - Soil carbon - Regenerative Farm Future - Study
18 March 2024
Vineyards Are Laying the Groundwork for a Regenerative Farm Future
A new study finding that regenerative practices build more soil carbon in vineyards points to a path for the industry to create broader models for agriculture.
https://civileats.com/2024/03/18/vineyards-laying-the-groundwork-for-a-regenerative-farm-future/
Agriculture - Soil carbon - Increase - Pastureland - Scaling back grazing - Research
18 March 2024
How Lightly Grazed Lands Can Lock Away Carbon
A new study finds that scaling back grazing on most pastureland worldwide would dramatically increase the amount of carbon stored in soils.
Agriculture - Ancient farming lessons - Climate change - Oman’s mountain oases
18 March 2024
Oman’s mountain oases offer ancient farming lessons for a warming future
* Traditional oasis agriculture in Oman’s northern mountains is an outstanding example of sustainable land-use in dryland ecosystems.
* But major socioeconomic development throughout Oman over the past 50 years means that traditional agricultural practices, more than a millennium old, are changing too.
* Climate change is also affecting the types of crops that can be grown, particularly at higher altitudes.
* The high value of traditional agricultural products, agritourism, and new cash crops offer ideas on how to sustain the economic viability of these mountain oases.
Agriculture - Regenerative Organic Agriculture - Fund - Rockefeller Foundation - Mad Capital
20 March 2024
Leading Investors Back New Regenerative Organic Agriculture Fund
Agriculture - Livestock - Meat - Climate change - Paris Agreement - Analysis - Report - Harvard
20 March 2024
Researchers surveyed 210 experts in 48 countries for what they say is the first analysis showing how the global livestock sector must change to comply with the Paris Agreement on climate change. Their report says greenhouse gas emissions from the sector must peak by 2025 in high-income and middle-income countries — and then rapidly fall. [source Nature Beat]
Press release:
Report:
Options for a Paris-compliant livestock sector.
Timeframes, targets and trajectories for livestock sector emissions from a survey of climate scientists. https://animal.law.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/Paris-compliant-livestock-report.pdf?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email
Agriculture - Farmers - Permaculture - Rajasthan - India
13 March 2024
How Farmers Reshaped a Region and Solved Drought
Permaculture Instructor Andrew Millison travels to the village of Laporiyah in Rajasthan India to see the 45 year water harvesting and community development project spearheaded by Laxman Singh.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=79VUAFq2rbg
Agriculture - Food - Meat-eating reduction - Alternative proteins - FAO - UN climate plan
18 March 2024
‘Bewildering’ to omit meat-eating reduction from UN climate plan
Academic experts also criticise UN Food and Agriculture Organization for dismissing alternative proteins
Agriculture - Agroforesterie - Grandes cultures - Sols - Arbres - Chambre d’agriculture de Normandie - France
15 mars 2024
Agroforesterie et grandes cultures : les quatre atouts des arbres sur le sol et les cultures selon une expérimentation normande
L’agroforesterie fait l’objet d’un suivi expérimental en Normandie depuis une dizaine d’années. Présentation de quelques résultats par Yann Pivain, chargé de mission agroforesterie et biodiversité à la chambre d’agriculture de Normandie.
Sols - Forêts - Biodiversité - Changement climatique - Recherche
17 mars 2024
La biodiversité permet à la forêt de mieux résister au changement climatique, selon des chercheurs
Sols - Carbone - Changement climatique - Sécheresse - Fissures - Boucle de rétroaction
17 mars 2024
Cette boucle de rétroaction négligée accélère le changement climatique
Les scientifiques de l’Université Tufts affirment que le sol, qui contient 80 pour cent du carbone de la Terre, émet davantage de gaz à effet de serre, car les sécheresses provoquent des fissures dans les sols en raison du séchage.
https://issues.fr/cette-boucle-de-retroaction-negligee-accelere-le-changement-climatique/
Agriculture - Terre - Alimentation - Sols - Vers de terre - Enquête - TV
15 mars 2024
“Sur le front - Enquête sur la terre qui nous nourrit” : notre critique
Le ver de terre est un maillon essentiel de nos écosystèmes. Mais cette bestiole, témoin de la qualité de nos sols, se raréfie. Hugo Clément enquête sur les causes et les conséquences de cet inquiétant déclin. Édifiant et épineux.
https://www.telerama.fr/television/sur-le-front-notre-critique_cri-7031628.php
Replay :
https://www.france.tv/france-5/sur-le-front/5763492-enquete-sur-la-terre-qui-nous-nourrit.html
Agriculture - Haies - Plantations - Biodiversité
13 mars 2024
Planter une nouvelle haie ne compense pas la destruction d’une haie ancienne
Agriculture - Cultures - Semences - Agriculteurs - OGM - Brevet - Vivant - Parlement européen
10 mars 2024
Nouveaux OGM : peut-on breveter le vivant ?
À quoi ressemblera l’agriculture de demain avec les nouveaux OGM. Une discussion au parlement européen a lieu actuellement pour décider ensemble de l’attitude à tenir.
Agriculture - Agriculteurs - Exploitations - Revenus - Aides - Dépenses - Explications - Chiffres - Données - Infographies - France
17 mars 2024
Crise agricole : peut-on encore vivre de l’agriculture en France ?
[video 10’14] - Les faibles revenus sont au cœur des revendications des agriculteurs depuis plusieurs mois. Mais qu’en est-il vraiment ? « Le Monde » a rencontré certains d’entre eux et exploré des données chiffrées pour saisir les réalités financières de la profession.
Ecologie - Tribune - Avenir durable - ChangeNOW
17 mars 2024
Opinion | Ecologie : dépasser les clivages pour un avenir durable
A l'occasion du Salon ChangeNOW, du 25 au 27 mars, 300 acteurs de l'impact et du monde économique appellent à placer l'écologie au coeur des projets d'avenir commun alors que 50 % de la population mondiale est appelée aux urnes en 2024.
Policies and Governments
European Parliament - Environment Committee (ENVI) - Soil health - European legislation - Healthy soils by 2050
March 13, 2024
EU takes the ax to green farming rules
The European Commission’s move to slash environmental requirements for farmers comes as top scientists are urging just the opposite.
EU - European Parliament’s Agriculture Committee (AGRI) - Agriculture - Seeds - Conservation - Farmers
March 19, 2024
EU votes to exempt ‘old varieties’ from seed marketing rules – EurActiv
The European Parliament’s Agriculture Committee (AGRI) voted on Tuesday (19 March) to loosen rules on marketing seeds and plant reproductive material for conservation purposes and informal exchanges between farmers.
EU Commission - Food chain - Agriculture - Farmers
March 18, 2024
EU Commission wants to strengthen farmers’ position in the food chain
The European Commission presented a set of ideas aimed at bolstering farmers in the food supply chain in a document shared with EU member states, responding to demands growers voiced in recent protests for fairer compensation for their work.
EU Commission - CAP’s green - Agriculture - Food security - Birdlife Internationale - Press release
March 15, 2024
Press Release: Commission crushes CAP’s green promise, gambling with our food security
The European Commission just published a proposal to make legislative changes to the Common Agriculture Policy (CAP), allegedly responding to farmers' concerns and aiming to reduce administrative burden they face. In reality, this proposal is far from a real solution to the challenges that most farmers encounter. Instead, it is a frontal attack on the environmental elements of the CAP, which are already the bare minimum to tackle the pressing nature and climate emergencies.
UE - Comisión - Suelo - Ley de Seguimiento de la Suelo-
12 de marzo de 2024
Ley de control del suelo: Los Eurodiputados establecen medidas para lograr suelos saludables
Se estima que el 60-70 por ciento de los suelos europeos se encuentran en estado insalubre. Los eurodiputados quieren tres niveles diferentes para el diseño de la vigilancia del suelo. Lista pública de todos los suelos contaminados y potencialmente contaminados en todos los países de la UE.
Commission européenne - Agriculture - Alimentation - Agriculteurs - Chaîne de valeur
18 mars 2024
La Commission veut améliorer la place des agriculteurs dans la chaîne de valeur
La Commission européenne a présenté dans un document partagé avec les États membres une série de propositions visant à renforcer la position des agriculteurs dans la chaîne de valeur alimentaire, répondant ainsi aux demandes exprimées par les producteurs lors des manifestations en faveur d’une rémunération plus juste de leur travail.
Research and Studies
Soil carbon stocks - Grazing - Pastureland - Climate mitigation opportunities - Research
March 15, 2024
Historical impacts of grazing on carbon stocks and climate mitigation opportunities - Shuai Ren, César Terrer, Juan Li, Yingfang Cao, Shanshan Yang & Dan Liu
Grazing has been associated with contrasting effects on soil carbon stocks at local scales, but accurate global assessments of its net impact are lacking. Here we conducted a meta-analysis of 1,473 soil carbon observations from grazing studies to quantify global changes in soil carbon stocks due to grazing practices. Our analysis shows that grazing has reduced soil carbon stocks at 1-m depth by 46 ± 13 PgC over the past 60 years. The interplay between grazing intensity and environmental factors explains global variations in soil carbon changes. Maps of optimal grazing intensity indicate that implementing grazing management on 21 million km2 of grazing lands, mainly through decreasing grazing intensity on 75% of lands and increasing it on the rest could result in a potential uptake of 63 ± 18 PgC in vegetation and soils. These results highlight the potential of employing grazing as a climate mitigation strategy.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-024-01957-9?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email
Miscellaneous
Carbon markerts - Carbon Crediting - Explanations
March 13, 2024
Carbon Crediting: How It Works And Why It’s Essential
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March 8 to 15, 2024
“4 per 1000” Initiative - Citation - Paul Luu - Agriculture - European Parliament’s Environment Committee - Soils - Soil Monitoring and Resilience Directive - EU legislative framework
7 March 2024
Europe must address soil degradation and act for soil restoration
Ahead of the vote on 11 March in the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety Committee in the European Parliament on the Soil Monitoring and Resilience Directive, experts underline the urgency to adopt an EU legislative framework addressing the rapid degradation of soils.
Signatories:
Sandrine Sommer, Moët Hennessy Chief Sustainability Officer, and WLSF Executive Board Member
Claire Chenu, Researcher at INRAE, Professor, coordinator of the European Joint Programme SOIL, and WLSF Board Member
Marc-André Selosse, Professor & biologist National Museum of Natural History, President of BioGée, and WLSF Board Member
Dr Paul Luu, Executive Secretary of the “4 per 1000” international Initiative, and WLSF Board Member
Anne Trombini, Managing Director Pour Une Agriculture du Vivant, and WLSF Board Member
Stéphane Hallaire, Founder & CEO Reforest’Action, and WLSF Board Member
Stefania Avanzini, Director of One Planet Business for Biodiversity, and WLSF Board Member
Benedict Bösel, Founder and CEO of Gut&Bösel, and WLSF Board Member
Henri Bruxelles, Danone Chief Sustainability Officer and Strategic Business Development Officer, and WLSF Board Member
Agriculture and Agroforestry - Soil - Food Security - Forest - Carbon
Agriculture - Climate-smart agriculture - Agrobiodiversity - Sustainable food production - Climate change
13 March 2024
Scaling sustainable food production in face of climate change is the defining challenge of our times
Localised and climate-smart agriculture can help preserve agrobiodiversity and reshape the larger narrative of responsible food production
Agriculture - Soil Carbon - Fungi - Underground fungal networks - Farmers
11 March 2024
Fungi Are Helping Farmers Unlock the Secrets of Soil Carbon
By tapping into underground fungal networks, farmers are learning how to build lush, spongy soil that supports healthy plants and stores carbon underground.
https://civileats.com/2024/03/11/fungi-are-helping-farmers-unlock-the-secrets-of-soil-carbon/
Agriculture - Agroecological - Food Sovereignty - Africa - Report
7 March 2024
Report calls for agroecological rethink of Africa’s food amid $61b industrial plan
* The African Development Bank (AfDB) has released agricultural development plans for 40 countries across the continent that outline pathways to improving food security and productivity.
* But a recent report by the Alliance for Food Sovereignty in Africa (AFSA) argues that the AfDB initiative, which seeks to industrialize African food systems at a cost of $61 billion, may potentially marginalize small-scale farmers, harm biodiversity, and foster dependency on multination corporations for seeds and agrochemicals.
* AFSA suggests focusing instead on agroecology and food sovereignty, emphasizing the importance of sustainable agriculture and the empowerment of small-scale farmers.
* High rates of undernourishment across sub-Saharan Africa are largely unchanged since 2005 figures, and a rapidly growing population putting pressure on food resources and production has prompted some policymakers to seek out industrial agriculture projects as a solution.
Trees - Nature - Conservation - African tree-planting project - Trees for the future - TREES - Kenya
13 March 2024
Seven times size of Manhattan: the African tree-planting project making a difference
Thousands of farmers have been persuaded by TREES scheme to replace barren monocultures with biodiverse forest gardens
Agriculture - Vertical farming - Food - Food system - Dubaï
13 March 2024
This ‘GigaFarm’ in the desert could produce 3 million kilograms of food
Agriculture - Climate-smart agricultural technologies - Soil health - Africa - Financing - $40 million - World Bank - CGIAR
March 12, 2024
Advancing Climate-Smart Agriculture Technologies in Africa
Agriculture - Sols - Climat - Fida - Banque africaine de développement - ARC - FVC - Pam - Aircm - Afrique
13 mars 2024
Au Sahel, le FIDA mise sur la gestion intégrée des risques climatiques
https://www.commodafrica.com/au-sahel-le-fida-mise-sur-la-gestion-integree-des-risques-climatiques/
Agriculture - Sols - Matière organique - Carbone - Photosynthèse - Québec
8 mars 2024
Profession capteur de carbone
Le PAD du MAPAQ vise 4 % de matière organique sur toutes les terres cultivées du Québec
https://www.lebulletin.com/actualites/profession-capteur-carbone-132562
Agriculture régénérative - Mode régénérative - Sols - Carbone - Cultures - Climat
6 mars 2024
Des vêtements qui inversent la courbe du climat : la mode régénérative en pratique
Et si cultiver des fibres de nos vêtements pouvait participer à améliorer la qualité des sols et réduire le carbone dans l'atmosphère ? C’est, en tous cas, le projet de la mode régénérative, née du concept d’agriculture régénérative. Plusieurs marques déjà positionnées sur le créneau contribuent alors à repenser l’entièreté du processus créatif, de la graine au vêtement en prenant en compte la biodiversité, l’eau, et la qualité des sols et de l’air. Comment s'appliquent ces idéaux ?
Sols - Plante grasse - Spekboom sud-africain - Carbone - Jobs4Carbon - Afrique du Sud
9 mars 2024
Le spekboom sud-africain, plante grasse piège à carbone
Agriculture - Roches volcaniques - Sols - Captage carbone - Etude
9 mars 2024
« Planter » des roches volcaniques dans les champs agricoles pourrait changer la donne pour le captage du carbone
L’ajout de roches volcaniques concassées aux champs agricoles peut à la fois améliorer le sol et aspirer le dioxyde de carbone. Selon une nouvelle étude, le faire sous les tropiques chauds et humides serait plus efficace.
Elevage - Transition écologique - Sols - Pratiques agroécologiques - Prairies
29 février 2024
L’élevage est-il incompatible avec la transition écologique ?
Un monde de broute. Viande, lait, œufs… l’élevage nous nourrit. Mais ses effets sur les sols, l’eau, le climat et le bien-être animal sont majeurs. Existe-t-il des modes d’élevage compatibles avec les impératifs écologiques ?
https://vert.eco/articles/lelevage-est-il-incompatible-avec-la-transition-ecologique
Agriculture - Prédateurs naturels - Pesticides - Etude
11 mars 2024
L'utilisation de prédateurs naturels s'avère prometteuse pour remplacer les pesticides
Une récente analyse scientifique met en lumière l'efficacité de l'utilisation des prédateurs naturels dans la lutte contre les nuisibles et l'amélioration des rendements agricoles.
Agriculture régénérative - Financement - 150 millions d’euros - M&G
7 mars 2024
M&G investit 150 millions d’euros dans l’agriculture régénératrice
Agriculture - Technologies agricoles climato-intelligentes - Santé des sols - Afrique - Financement - 40 millions $ - Banque mondiale - CGIAR
12 mars 2024
La Banque mondiale décaisse 40 millions $ pour promouvoir des technologies agricoles climato-intelligentes en Afrique
(Agence Ecofin) - Le financement soutiendra notamment la validation d’innovations agricoles dans le cadre d’expériences pilotes, la production et le partage de connaissances ainsi que la création d’un pôle régional pour les engrais et la santé des sols en Afrique de l’Ouest.
Agricultura - Suelos - Salud de los suelos - Microbios - Microorganismos
14 de marzo de 2024
Mejores cosechas gracias a microbios beneficiosos del suelo
Policies and Governments
European Parliament - Environment Committee (ENVI) - Soil health - European legislation - Healthy soils by 2050
March 12, 2024
Parliament committee seeks timeline for EU countries to improve soil health
The European Parliament’s Environment Committee (ENVI) on Monday evening (11 March) adopted a draft report on the EU’s first soil law, taking the first step towards healthy soils by 2050 by requiring countries to improve the ecological status of their soils within six to ten years.
Poland - Farmers - Protest - Ukraine imports - EU rules
7 March 2024
Poland sees its most violent protest yet by farmers and supporters against Ukraine imports, EU rules
Parlement européen - Commission de l’Environnement (ENVI) - Santé des sols - Législation européenne
12 mars 2024
La commission de l’Environnement demande un calendrier pour protéger la santé des sols
La commission de l’Environnement (ENVI) du Parlement européen a adopté lundi soir (11 mars) un projet de rapport concernant la première législation européenne sur la santé des sols, exigeant des pays qu’ils améliorent les aspects écologiques de leurs sols dans un délai de six à dix ans.
Parlement européen - Europe - Santé des sols - Loi - Restauration
12 mars 2024
Politique de l’UE. Les députés soutiennent une loi visant à restaurer la santé des sols européens
Les députés ont convenu que les gouvernements devraient être tenus de surveiller en détail l’état écologique des sols, sans pour autant exiger des objectifs contraignants de restauration ou imposer des limites à l’urbanisation.
Union européenne - UE - Sols - Loi sur la surveillance des sols
13 mars 2024
Loi sur la surveillance des sols : des mesures pour parvenir à une situation saine d’ici 2050
Conformément à l’ambition zéro pollution de l’Union européenne, les députés européens souhaitent des objectifs concrets pour améliorer l’état écologique des sols dans les États membres.
Research and Studies
African dark earths - Ethnopedology - Land use change - Soil fertility -Soil organic matter - African dark earths - Ethnopedology - Land use change -Soil fertility - Soil organic matter
African dark earths - Ethnopedology - Land use change - Soil fertility - Soil organic matter
16 February 2024
Emerging ecological trends in West Africa: implications on soil organic matter and other soil quality indicators - Samuel Ayodele Mesele and all
Soil - Vine - Climate change - Soil carbon - Greenhouse gas emissions - Vineyards - 4 per 1000 goal
24 June 2022
Soil, vine, climate change; the challenge of predicting soil carbon changes and greenhouse gas emissions in vineyards and is the 4 per 1000 goal realistic? - Hans Schultz
The evaluation of the current and future impact of climate change on viticulture requires an integrated view on a complex interacting system within the soil-plant-atmospheric continuum under continuous change. Aside of the globally observed increase in temperature in almost all viticulture regions for at least four decades, we observe several clear trends at the regional level in the ratio of precipitation to potential evapotranspiration. Additionally the recently published 6th assessment report of the IPCC (The physical science basis) shows case-dependent further expected shifts in climate patterns which will have substantial impacts on the way we will conduct viticulture in the decades to come.
Looking beyond climate developments, we observe rising temperatures in the upper soil layers which will have an impact on the distribution of microbial populations, the decay rate of organic matter or the storage capacity for soil organic carbon (SOC). All this influences the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and the viscosity of water in the soil-plant pathway, altering the transport of water. Interactions between micro-organisms in the rhizosphere, the grapevine root system, degradation and fixation processes of SOC are complex and poorly understood but respond to environmental factors (such as increased soil temperatures), the plant material (rootstock for instance), and the cultivation system (for example bio-organic versus conventional, cover crop use versus open tillage). Increasing SOC stocks is discussed as a measure to reduce soil GHG emissions with the potential to improve the balance between GHG emissions and carbon removal from the atmosphere. Yet it is difficult to deduct the impact of climatic changes and cultivation practices on patterns of carbon storage or losses from soils. This paper presents a first attempt to quantify these potential impacts on SOC for a vineyard location using the RothC-model (Coleman and Jenkinson, 2005) in combination with the Geisenheim long-term (> 100-year) soil temperature record and climate predictions by the STAR II-model of the Potsdam Institute of Climate Impact using a medium realization run (Orlowsky et al., 2008).
It is shown that retaining pruning wood and using a full cover crop yielded a SOC increase of 16.2 t C ha-1 over time. However, CO2 emissions over the simulated time span were only slightly less than C-storage in the soil. It is concluded that cover crops in vineyards helps to achieve CO2-neutrality but additional measures are required to make vineyards a significant C-sink.
https://oeno-one.eu/article/view/5447
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March 1 to 8, 2024
Initiative « 4 pour 1000 » - Citation - Sols - Climat - Photosynthèse - Stockage carbone - Agriculture - Agroforesterie - Claire Chenu - Christophe Cassou
7 mars 2024
[Vidéo -1h22] - C dans l'sol - Sol et Climat - émission du 13 février 2024
Sol et Climat, quel lien y a-t-il entre les deux ? Quels sont les échanges et interactions entre le sol et l’atmosphère ? Le sol peut-il être un allié dans la lutte contre le dérèglement climatique?
Avec Christophe Cassou Climatologue au CERFACS, Claire Chenu, agronome, Directrice de recherche INRAE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RnGEw14rgkA
Initiative « 4 pour 1000 » - Citation - Tribune - Paul Luu - Agriculture - Sols - Santé des sols - Restauration - Stockage carbone - France
2 mars 2024
Agriculture : « Le gouvernement doit se doter d’une politique de restauration des sols » - TRIBUNE
La bonne santé des sols est indispensable pour assurer la pérennité de notre système agricole dans un contexte de changement climatique, alerte, dans une tribune au « Monde », un collectif d’agronomes, d’écologues et de responsables associatifs.
Initiative « 4 pour 1000 » - Citation (page 12) - Agroécologie - Agriculture – Bonnes pratiques agroécologique - Manuel - Sols - Occitanie - France
26 février 2024
Agroécologie : fOCus sur la coopération et la solidarité internationales
Au moment où le salon de l'agriculture ouvre ses portes, le réseau régional multi-acteurs Occitanie Coopération publie son 2e dossier thématique fOCus sur l'agroécologie, co-réalisé avec les acteurs de la coopération et de la solidarité internationales basés en Occitanie.
Issu d'un travail collaboratif avec les acteurs régionaux de la coopération et de la solidarité internationales (CSI) engagés sur les problématiques d’agroécologie et d'alimentation durable, ce deuxième dossier thématique vise à présenter les différents enjeux régionaux et mondiaux sur ces questions, à identifier les acteurs régionaux référents en la matière et à centraliser des clés méthodologiques et des ressources utiles aux porteurs de projets qui souhaitent se lancer dans une initiative en agroécologie à l'international. Les recommandations formulées dans ce dossier peuvent également être inspirantes pour notre territoire.
https://www.oc-cooperation.org/actualite/agroecologie-focus/
Agriculture and Agroforestry - Soil - Food Security - Forest - Carbon
Agriculture - Farmers - Livestock - Crops - Factory farming
3 March 2024
Out with the animal cruelty. In with … mushrooms? These farmers are leaving factory farming behind
Some farmers have turned from livestock to crops to avoid the financial pitfalls and thorny ethics of industrial agriculture
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2024/mar/03/factory-farming-transition-mushrooms-vegetables
Agriculture - Regenerative farming projects - Farmer Innovation fund - Innocent drinks
5 March 2024
Innocent drinks pledges £1m for regenerative farming projects
Innocent drinks has announced a £1m investment in grants as an expansion of its Farmer Innovation fund, in a bid to enhance sustainable and regenerative farming practices while securing the long-term supply of essential ingredients.
https://www.edie.net/innocent-drinks-pledges-1m-for-regenerative-farming-projects/
Agriculture - Agroecological solutions - Pesticides - Fall armyworm
27 February 2024
Agroecological solutions better than pesticides in fighting fall armyworm, experts say
* Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is an invasive agricultural pest, which first hit West Africa in 2016 and quickly spread across the continent.
* Experts have now found that the pest’s impact on maize yields is no longer as severe as initially feared.
* An integrated pest management approach, prioritizing nontoxic control measures, is the best way to tackle the infestation, improve yields and protect human health, according to experts.
Agriculture - Sustainable cattle sector - Data - Brazil - China
27 February 2024
How Brazil and China can use data for a more sustainable cattle sector
* Pasture for grazing cattle is impacting natural ecosystems, with Brazil's 2020 beef exports linked to 340 million tonnes of emissions through deforestation.
* China is the largest importer of Brazilian beef and is therefore also the largest importing market exposed to cattle deforestation and conversion from Brazil.
* Here's how leveraging data and using monitoring solutions can help countries like Brazil and China to build a more sustainable cattle supply chain.
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2024/02/brazil-china-data-sustainable-cattle-farming/
Agriculture - Agroécologie - Sols - Souveraineté alimentaire - Afrique - Cirad - AFD
5 mars 2024
En Afrique, la souveraineté alimentaire au défi de la fertilité des sols
ENJEUX. Dans le débat sur la dégradation des sols, le continent africain n’est pas en reste avec un double défi à relever : nourrir la population et préserver l’environnement.
Agriculture - Transformation - Santé des sols - Afrique
4 mars 2024
Le défi de la transformation des agricultures en Afrique [1/2]
La Fondation pour l’agriculture et la ruralité dans le monde (Farm) a organisé ce mois-ci, une journée consacrée à la transformation des agricultures. Dans un monde touché de plus en plus par le changement climatique, les problèmes environnementaux, le besoin d’aller vers une agriculture plus durable, mais néanmoins productive pour faire face aux défis de la faim se fait de plus en plus pressante.
Sols - Fertilité - Agroecologie - Souveraineté alimentaire - Afrique - Cirad
2 mars 2024
[Podcast - 48’30] - Gérer la fertilité des sols pour renforcer la souveraineté alimentaire en Afrique
Une émission enregistrée au Salon de l'agriculture. L’insécurité alimentaire est un enjeu majeur en Afrique qui est le continent où elle a le plus progressé ces dernières années : une personne sur cinq y souffre de la faim. Alors que l’Afrique connaît une croissance démographique importante, elle doit produire plus pour assurer sa souveraineté alimentaire, sans toutefois que cela ne se fasse au détriment de son environnement. Renforcer la fertilité des sols est donc fondamental pour garantir une production agricole durable et capable de répondre à cette demande alimentaire en forte croissante. Quelles sont les stratégies à privilégier ?
Avec
- Gatien Falconnier, chercheur au Cirad à Hararé au Zimbabwe
- Tantely M. Razafimbelo, coordinatrice du réseau Casa et chercheuse à l'Université d'Antananarivo à Madagascar
- N’Guessan Koffy Rodrigue, directeur général du développement rural au ministère de l’Agriculture et du Développement rural de Côte d’Ivoire
- Matthieu Le Grix, ingénieur agronome, responsable de la division Agriculture, Développement rural et Biodiversité de l’Agence française de Développement.
Sols - Cycle du carbone - Microbes - Diversité - Changement climatique
2 mars 2024
Surprise du cycle du carbone : le réchauffement climatique déclenche une explosion de la diversité des microbes du sol
Agriculture - Bilan carbone - Elevage - Cultures - Agriculteurs - Témoignages
1er mars 2024
Témoignages : il est difficile d’améliorer son bilan carbone
https://www.lebulletin.com/elevage/temoignages-difficile-ameliorer-bilan-carbone-132471
Agriculture - Agriculture bio - Agriculture conventionnelle - Crise agricole
7 mars 2024
Crise de confiance et du pouvoir d’achat : quand les agriculteurs bio retournent au conventionnel
La crise agricole sévit aussi dans la filière bio. Coincés par l’inflation, les Français s’en détournent. Résultat, de nombreux agriculteurs doivent faire un choix : continuer de produire en bio par conviction sans rémunération adaptée, ou l’abandonner.
Biochar - Agriculture - Stockage carbone - DiverCrédit carbone
1er mars 2024
Que vaut réellement le biochar ?
Vanté pour ses nombreuses qualités, et en particulier sa capacité à stocker le carbone, le biochar a, depuis quelques années, le vent en poupe. Porté par de nombreux projets destinés à générer des crédits carbone, il pourrait être un allié indispensable de la transition énergétique.
https://www.revolution-energetique.com/dossiers/que-vaut-reellement-le-biochar/
Forêts - Protection - Biodiversité - Sols - Carbone - Fonds - WWF - France
4 mars 2024
Biodiversité : un fonds pour financer la protection des forêts françaises
Préservation de la biodiversité, séquestration de carbone, protection de la qualité des sols et de l’eau… Les forêts offrent une multitude de services écosystémiques, aujourd’hui menacés par le réchauffement climatique et des modes de gestion inadaptés. Pour les protéger, WWF France s’appuie sur une initiative innovante, les paiements de pratiques bénéficiant à ces services écosystémiques.
Suelos - Proyecto Suelos Vivos - Américas - Estrategias agrícolas - Alimentos
5 de marzo de 2024
Proyecto Suelos Vivos de las Américas, buscará estrategias agrícolas más sostenibles
El proyecto buscará mejorar las prácticas de manejo agrícola, promover suelos más saludables y fomentar la producción de alimentos orgánicos en la región
Policies and Governments
UN Environment Assembly - UNEA-6 - Resolutions - Decisions - Land degradation and restoration - Pesticides
7 March 2024
UN Environment Assembly: At the sixth session of the UN Environment Assembly (UNEA-6) last week, nearly 200 countries adopted 15 resolutions, 2 decisions and a Ministerial Declaration. The resolutions covered a range of issues including pesticides, chemical waste, air pollution, land degradation and restoration, and ocean action.
USDA - Agriculture - ‘Climate-smart’ farming - Climate
1 March 2024
Is the USDA’s spending on ‘climate-smart’ farming actually helping the climate?
A new report asks whether supposedly green livestock practices have proven benefits.
https://grist.org/agriculture/usda-spending-climate-smart-farming/
UE - Renew Europe - Action plan - Agriculture - Sustainable - Competitive - Fairly
4 March 2024
[Press release] - Renew Europe launches action plan for sustainable, competitive and fairly rewarded EU agriculture
UE - Conseil européen - Parlement européen - Carbone - Certification - Accord cadre
1er mars 2024
Carbone : premiers pas vers un accord cadre
Climat. Le Conseil et le Parlement européens conviennent d’établir un cadre de certification de l’Union européenne relatif aux absorptions de carbone.
https://gazette-du-midi.fr/au-sommaire/europe/carbone-premiers-pas-vers-un-accord-cadre
Tools - Data
Agriculture - Food systems transformation - Guidance - WWF - Climate Focus - Food Forward NDCs
8 March 2024
WWF and Climate Focus share Food Forward NDCs, a guidance tool to support the enhancement and implementation of NDC ambitions for agriculture and food systems transformation. It aims to help countries to strengthen their NDCs by providing easy and accessible content to identify policy measures and practices and information about their climate change mitigation, adaptation and sustainable development benefits. [source Nature4Climate]
https://foodforwardndcs.panda.org/
Agriculture - Agricultural productivity - Land - Hunger - Data
4 March 2024
Why is improving agricultural productivity crucial to ending global hunger and protecting the world’s wildlife?
https://ourworldindata.org/agricultural-productivity-crucial
